058 罗马书 12章1节 全然献上为活祭

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058 罗马书 12章1节  全然献上为活祭

• • 问孩子：你认为上帝要从你得到什么？
  • 问青少：若你为一个人付出一切，包括爱、生命。你会希望对方如何待你？

• • 罗 12:1所以[1]弟兄们，我凭着上帝的仁慈劝[2]【慈悲】你们，要把身体[3]献上，作圣洁[4]而蒙上帝悦纳的活祭[5]；这是你们理所当然的[6]事奉。

• • V1所以弟兄们… （连接了前几章保罗所讲的）
  • Pic 保罗之前先解释什么是罪、罪人如何在上帝的恩慈中被称义、我们如何蒙上帝恩慈中蒙拣选信耶稣、（12章）蒙上帝救赎的，要如何生活（成圣）

• • ap 救恩次序：是先称义，后才成圣
  • Pic eg 律法主义者。你要这样做，那样做才能得救
  • Pic eg 福音：告诉你得救后，才这样做，那样做
  • eg 福音：人无法靠律法或行为得救！（3:20、3:28、11:16）
  • 问：你蒙了上帝的仁慈【慈悲】了吗？
  • 所以把自己献给主，是理所当然的！

• • V1 …我凭着上帝的仁慈劝你们，要把身体献上…….活祭…..
  • Pic 可能联想起亚伯拉罕献以撒
  • Pic旧约祭司献燔祭burnt offering的图像，来教导我们要把自己献上给主
  • Pic 献祭必须是把牲畜活生生的宰杀，献在祭坛上给神
  • Pic主耶稣把自己生命献上为祭
  • 把身体献上不是指把自己杀了献祭
  • 图像寓意表达我们应该把我们生命献上给主
  • eg 将肢体献给义作奴仆 罗6:19

• • 问: 今天基督徒需要献祭吗?  不需献牲畜为祭,但需要献生命为祭
  • 不明白旧约的律法,其原则与精神是延续下去
  • 旧约是影子、新约是实体 （西2:17、来10:1）

旧约	新约
圣殿	教会（所有圣徒）	弗2:20-22、林前3:16-17
大祭司	主耶稣	来2:17、3:1
祭司们	信徒	彼前2:5、启1:6
完美的祭物	主耶稣	来10:26、彼前1:19
献祭 offering	信徒的身体（全人/生命） 善行为祭（来 13:16） 奉献为祭 (腓4:18) 感恩为祭（来 13:15、诗116:17）	罗 12:1
安息日休息来敬拜主	主日休息来敬拜主	徒20：7、林前16:2、启1:10

• • 这里保罗没有用审判恐吓我们
  • 若因惧怕上帝，才强迫自己献给主：
  • a不是心肝乐意
  • b 过的很苦，被强迫
  • c很快就失去动力
  • d遇见苦难，就以为上帝在报应我们
  • Pic 孩子不感到爸爸爱他，爸爸要他努力读书。为了要赢得爸爸爱他，他拼命读书讨爸爸喜悦！
  • Pic孩子感受到爸爸爱他，爸爸要他努力读书。因为爸爸爱他，他努力读书讨爸爸喜悦。
  • 问：有不同吗？
  • 所以保罗凭着上帝的仁慈劝我们，希望我们明白
  • 我愿意献上我一生，因为主爱我！
  • eg当你经历到你如何悖逆主，而主依然爱你，你就甘心献上

• • V1 要把身体[7]献上，作圣洁而蒙上帝悦纳的活祭…
  • 燔祭：是全部，不保留，完全 totally consumed
  • 把自己视为燔祭：完全牺牲、完全献上、完全舍己
  • û路9:23 耶稣又对众人说：「若有人要跟从我，就当舍己，天天背起他的十字架来跟从我。
  • 100% 委身。一切都是为主而做
  • eg 包括在公司、学校里事奉主！（弗6:5-7）
  • 随着年龄经历神的仁慈，本该理所当然越来越委身
  • 问：还是我们越老，越没有把自己完全献上？

• • 主要我们过圣洁的生活
  • 主拣选我们，要我们在他面前成为圣洁
  • 弗 1:4 就如创立世界以前，他在基督里拣选了我们，使我们因着爱，在他面前成为圣洁，没有瑕疵。
  • 问：圣洁是什么？
  • 圣洁：(1)分别为圣，不与世人一样（出19:6、彼前2:9、利20:26）
  • 下文12:2：保罗劝我们思想不要效法世人
  • 圣洁：(2) 生活行为像主耶稣一样  
  • 圣洁包括了要远避淫行
  • 帖前 4:3  神的旨意就是要你们成为圣洁，远避淫行；4 要你们各人晓得怎样用圣洁、尊贵守著自己的身体。5 不放纵私欲的邪情，像那不认识神的外邦人
  • 我们可能误以为我们已完全圣洁
  • 因有一些的小罪行会被我们列为小事，例如：
  • 加 5:19 肉体【情欲】所行的都是显而易见的，就如淫乱、污秽、邪荡、20  拜偶像、行邪术、仇恨、争竞、忌恨、忿怒、自私【结党】、分党【分争】、结派【异端】、21  嫉妒、醉酒、荒宴，和类似的事。…
  • 借口：eg 有谁不争竞？忿怒？嫉妒？
  • 借口：都是别人害我的！环境造成的！
  • 借口：我已经比别人强
  • 言语上也要圣洁
  • eg 造就人 弗4:29
  • eg 不可：撒谎、讽刺、羞辱、辱骂、苛刻
  • 完全献上的人，要不断脱掉旧人,穿上新人 弗4:22-24

• • V1…这是你们理所当然的事奉[8]。
  • 问：为什么要献上自己？ 因这是理所当然的事奉 reasonable
  • 主所要的“事奉” = 全人献上为活祭
  • 有人问：你有事奉吗？ 盼望我们都能说“我把身体献上为活祭”

• • Pic例子：五饼二鱼 （约6:9）
  • 孩子若是有所保留，想到自己。主就不用他来行神迹
  • 全然献上，才能经历到上帝大能的作为
  • 主使用他所献，成为多人的祝福
  • 主使用他荣耀上帝
  • 问：为何没经历到上帝大能的作为？为何不能成为多人的祝福？为何上帝没有使用我来荣耀祂？
  • 问：你是否明白主的爱，愿意把自己完全献上为活祭？

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[1] Therefore is an important word. Paul is not writing an essay in abstract ethics, but telling the Romans what their conduct must be in the light of what God has done. We should probably not tie it in too closely to the immediately preceding words (though there is a good sequence of thought), but take it as referring to the whole massive argument that has preceded it. Morris, L.

This illustrates what is characteristic of Paul’s teaching, that ethics must rest upon the foundation of redemptive accomplishment. More specifically stated it is that ethics springs from union with Christ and therefore from participation in the virtue belonging to him and exercised by him as the crucified, risen, and ascended Redeemer. Ethics consonant with the high calling of God in Christ is itself part of the application of redemption; it belongs to sanctification. And it is not as if ethics is distinct from doctrine. For ethics is based on ethical teaching and teaching is doctrine. A great deal of the most significant doctrine is enunciated in the teaching concerned with the most practical details of the Christian life. Murray, J..

[2] It thus seems that something less than a command is what is needed: “beseech” or “urge” is the meaning.4 The decision is to be that of the Romans; the surrender to God must be completely willing. Morris, L.

[3] But it is not this body of sin or sinful body that they are to present as a living sacrifice. Romans 6:13 is the index to Paul’s meaning here: “Neither present your members as instruments of unrighteousness to sin, but present yourselves to God as those alive from the dead and your members instruments of righteousness to God”. Murray, J..

[4] This sacrifice is also holy, which we understand as “consecrated” (Moffatt) or “dedicated” (NEB). It is given over entirely to God; the believer is his alone. Further, it is pleasing to God. Morris, L.

[5] The language is that of sacrificial ritual. The difference, however, is striking. Any animate offering in the Old Testament ritual had to be slain and its blood shed.Murray, J..

[6] This, Paul says, is your spiritual worship, an expression that could be understood as KJV, “your reasonable service.” There are problems relating to both adjective and noun.11 Today most interpreters understand the adjective as spiritual, which makes good sense and is certainly in mind. Morris, L.

“Your spiritual service.” The term used here is not the term which is usually rendered by the word “spiritual” in the New Testament. Reasonable or rational is a more literal rendering. No doubt the presenting of the body as a living sacrifice is a spiritual service, that is to say, a service offered by the direction of the Holy Spirit (cf. 1 Pet. 2:5). But there must have been some reason for the use of this distinct term used nowhere else by Paul and used only once elsewhere in the New Testament (1 Pet. 2:2). Murray, J.

[7] But it is not this body of sin or sinful body that they are to present as a living sacrifice. Romans 6:13 is the index to Paul’s meaning here: “Neither present your members as instruments of unrighteousness to sin, but present yourselves to God as those alive from the dead and your members instruments of righteousness to God”. Murray, J..

[8] 也可以翻译为“属灵的敬拜” ESV: spiritual worship NIV proper worship KJV reasonable worship这样献上，是我们属灵的敬拜