067罗马书 12章 8 怜悯人的恩赐

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067罗马书 12章 8  怜悯人的恩赐

• • 问：小孩子。什么是怜悯？
  • e.g.那人做错事，你本该处罚他，但你却选择了怜悯
  • e.g.那人困苦，你看他可怜，所以你怜悯帮助他
  • 问：神是公义也是怜悯的？你最喜爱神的哪一个属性？

• • 罗12:3-8
  • V8…行善 ἐλεέω [1]的要乐意。【ü怜悯人的，就当甘心】
  • 怜悯是上帝的属性之一
  • 出34:6 耶和华在摩西面前经过，并且宣告说：“耶和华，耶和华，是有怜悯有恩典的上帝，不轻易发怒，并且有丰盛的慈爱和诚实，
  • 圣经看见上帝“怜悯”时，有时指向：
  • a上帝怜悯，赦免我们的罪恶
  • b或信徒在患难中，主怜悯帮助。
  • 令人惊讶的是 “怜悯” 被列为恩赐之一！

• • 今天教会关注恩赐时，比较关注的那些像有神迹性的恩赐
  • e.g. 说方言、行神迹【异能】 、医病 、等等。
  • 早期教会，哥林多教会拥有许多不同恩赐，但也是在道德上软弱的教会
  • 林前12:7 圣灵显现在各人的身上，为的是要使人得着益处。8  有人借着圣灵领受了智慧的言语，又有人靠着同一位圣灵领受了知识的言语，9  又有人因着同一位圣灵领受了信心，还有人因着这位圣灵领受了医病的恩赐，10  另有人可以行神迹，另有人可以讲道προφητεία，另有人可以辨别诸灵，也有人能说各种的方言，也有人能翻译方言。11  这一切都是这同一位圣灵所作的，他按照自己的意思个别地分给各人。
  • 今天最受争议性的恩赐之一 是“方言”的恩赐
  • 方言是别国的语言 （徒2:4-11）
  • 方言也有可能是一种人无法理解的语音
  • Cessationist 终止论 Continuationist持续论[2]
  • 林前14:39 所以我弟兄们，你们要切慕作先知讲道，也不要禁止说方言。
  • 保罗说若是教会没有人能翻译出来（林前12:10、14:5、27），就私下使用
  • 林前14:28 如果没有人翻译，他就应当在会中闭口，只对自己和对上帝说好了。
  • 我们要渴慕并祈求 能够造就教会的恩赐
  • 林前14:12 ..你们既然热切地渴慕属灵的恩赐，就应当追求多多得着造就教会的恩赐。
  • 我们可以祈求主赐我们恩赐来服事教会
  • 林前12:11 这一切都是这位圣灵所运行、随己意分给各人的。

• • 问：难道不是每一位信徒都要怜悯人吗？
  • 的确。每一位基督徒都要怜悯人  （太 5:7、雅2:13）
  • 这些恩赐（V7-8）：服事人、教导、劝慰辅导、施舍、治理，都需要怜悯人！
  • 问：那么为什么怜悯人是恩赐？

• • Pic但会有一些在我们当中，他们的怜悯之心是极大的
  • e.g.每一位基督徒都传福音，有一些有恩赐传福音 (弗4:11)
  • e.g.每一个基督徒都能教导，不是每一位都有恩赐来教导
  • e.g.每一位基督徒都会施舍，很少人能像巴拿巴一样变卖田产来施舍
  • e.g.拥有极大的信心也是恩赐！(林前12:9) 
  • 拥有极大信心，却往往忘了这是主的恩赐
  • Pic e.g.年轻时希望能够盖篮。每个人都会跳。但只有少数最后能够灌篮
  • e.g.拥有那天赋的人，能够在磨练下最后灌篮
  • 同样的当主给你恩赐时，你经过历练才也会越来越强。

• • Example 1 e.g.有位姐妹拥有怜悯人的恩赐
  • 她常探访医院。因教会中大多数的信徒无法像她一样，“孤独”
  • e.g.她埋怨教会没有怜悯之心
  • e.g.她埋怨教会中的牧者，没有怜悯之心
  • e.g.劝诫她：牧者的恩赐、责任任务不一样。
  • 因他们的恩赐不是常人有的，所以大多数的人可能不无法理解他们
  • 因他们的恩赐，他们有时不理解为何其他的弟兄姐妹们不能像他们一样

• • Example 2 在神学院时，我有一个非常尊敬的朋友
  • 在神学院时虽然他的神学很差，但神给他其他超强的恩赐！他拥有怜悯人的恩赐
  • 他能够自己学习很多语言，比我们众人都能够受苦
  • 后来他去到中国与缅甸的边界那里，在他开始了孤儿院，主办学校，传福音给他们
  • 每一位信徒的恩赐也都不一样 All are Different
  • 每一位牧师的恩赐都不一样。
  • 每一位信徒的恩赐都不一样。
  • 不应该比较，也不可瞧不起
  • e.g.不可鄙视像马大一样有服事的恩赐，为教会煮饭 （διακονία 罗12:7、路10:40）
  • 不轻看主给你的恩赐
  • 不可因恩赐而骄傲 pride
  • 恩赐越大，责任越大

• • 问：才干与恩赐的不同？
  • 我个人认为恩赐不只是限制在圣经中列出来的恩赐。使徒们没有全部列出
  • 当上帝把才干给你时，你使用来造就教会时，那就是恩赐

• • Pic最后劝勉：有一些弟兄姐妹是需要我们一辈子的扶持。
  • e.g. 有时可能会觉得很烦,因需要付出很多时间、谨慎、同理
  • V8…行善 ἐλεέω 的要乐意。【怜悯人的，就当甘心】[3]
  • 甘心乐意
  • 问：你是否愿意祈求主赐你怜悯的恩赐？
  • 问：当你拥有怜悯恩赐时，你是否愿意为主建立弟兄姐妹？

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[1] 注：绝大部分英文圣经都翻译成怜悯 mercy

[2] 这些恩赐是“末后的日子”the last days {基督再来之前} 所赐下 （徒2:17、珥2:28-32）

恩赐终止是在完美来到之日 (林前13:8-12)

[3] “He that showeth mercy, with cheerfulness.” There is a close relation of this gift to that of giving. But there is in the use of the word “mercy” the thought of more direct, personal ministry to those in need. The giving referred to earlier would not necessarily involve the individual and more intimate service which this ministry of mercy implies. The virtue enjoined in this case indicates this kind of care; it is to be performed with cheerfulness. Oftentimes the work of mercy is disagreeable and so it is liable to be done grudgingly and in a perfunctory way. This attitude defeats the main purpose of mercy. In Calvin’s words, “For as nothing gives more solace to the sick or to any one otherwise distressed, than to see men cheerful and prompt in assisting them; so to observe sadness in the countenance of those by whom assistance is given makes them to feel themselves despised”. Murray, J.

So is that of showing mercy. The general thrust of the participle is clear, but the precise application is not so plain. Since mercy is necessarily shown to those in difficulty of some sort, we may well assume that Paul is referring to the sick, the suffering, the indigent, and the like. And he says that mercy should be shown cheerfully.54 The word clearly points to something far from a grim determination to get through an unpleasant task. The person who has this gift is to be “radiant with joy” (Lyonnet, quoted in Leenhardt). Mercy is not a grim duty but a joy and a delight. Morris, L.

He that showeth mercy, with cheerfulness, (ἱλαρότης, hilarity.) As the former direction (he that giveth, with simplicity) had reference to the care of the poor, this relates to the care of the sick and afflicted. These were the two great departments of the deacons’ duties. The former was to be discharged with honesty, this with cheerfulness; not as a matter of constraint, but with alacrity and kindness. On this, the value of any service rendered to the children of sorrow mainly depends.Hodge, C.

Paul turns finally to the one with the gift of “showing mercy.”67 Pinning down the exact nature of this ministry is not easy; as Dunn points out, this is the only place that Paul uses the verb “show mercy” of human beings. Noting that the word “mercy” is used in the NT to describe the very important Jewish pious activity of almsgiving—providing materially for the poor (cf. Matt. 6:3)—Dunn suggests that Paul might be thinking specifically of this ministry here.68 But the connection of the word “mercy” with Jewish almsgiving is not widespread enough to justify this restriction of the reference. Probably, then, we are to understand the ministry very generally and include within it any act of mercy toward others, such as visiting the sick, caring for the elderly or disabled, and providing for the poor.69 Those who are active in such ministries of mercy should be especially careful, Paul advises, to avoid a grudging or downcast attitude, but they should strive to minister with “cheerfulness.” Moo, D. J.

By the μεταδιδούντοις, the givers, of whom he speaks here, he did not understand those who gave of their own property, but the deacons, who presided in dispensing the public charities of the Church; and by the ἐλεούντοις, those who showed mercy, he meant the widows, and other ministers, who were appointed to take care of the sick, according to the custom of the ancient Church: for there were two different offices,—to provide necessaries for the poor, and to attend to their condition. But to the first he recommends simplicity, so that without fraud or respect of persons they were faithfully to administer what was entrusted to them. He required the services of the other party to be rendered with cheerfulness, lest by their peevishness (which often happens) they marred the favour conferred by them. For as nothing gives more solace to the sick or to any one otherwise distressed, than to see men cheerful and prompt in assisting them; so to observe sadness in the countenance of those by whom assistance is given, makes them to feel themselves despised.Calvin, J.